2014年考研英语翻译复习指导:重复句的翻译
重复法是指在译文中适当地重复原文中出现过的词语,以使意思表达得更加清楚;或者进一步加强语气,突出强调某些内容,收到更好的修辞效果。一般而言,英语往往为了行文简洁而尽量避免重复。所以,英语经常借助替代、省略或变换等其他表达方法。 相反,重复却是汉语表达的一个显著特点。在许多场合某些词语不仅需要重复,而且也只有重复这些词语,语义才能明确,表达才能生动。为了达到汉语译文准确、通顺和完整的翻译标准,在考研翻译中,常常需要将一些关键性的词加以重复。
一、重复名词 (一)重复英语中作宾语的名词 Students must be cultivated to have the ability to analyze and solve problems. They would be very reluctant to postpone or cancel the meeting. (二)重复英语中作表语的名词 This has been our position—but not theirs. John is your friend as much as he is mine. (三)重复英语介词前所省略的名词 英语中常重复使用介词,而将第二个、第三个介词前的名词省略,翻译时则往往可以重复这些省略的名词。 The doctor will get more practice out of me than out of seventeen hundred ordinary patients. (四)重复定语从句中作先行词的名词 英语定语从句常用关系词引导,它一方面代表定语从句所修饰的那个先行词(通常是名词、名词短语或代词),一方面在从句中担任一个成分。汉语中没有关系词,往往需要重复这个作先行词的名词。 He gave ma a book which I kept to this day. Yesterday afternoon, I met an old friend of mine, who said that he would go abroad the next week.
二、重复动词 (一)英语句子常用一个动词连接几个宾语或表语,在译文中往往要重复这个动词。 Is he a friend or an enemy? You can do that work very well if you care to. (二)英语句子中动词后有介词时,在第二次或者第三次往往只用介词而省略动词,在汉语译文中则要重复动词以代替英语中重复的前置词。 We talked of ourselves, of our prospects, of the journey, of the weather, of each other—of everything. 有时候,在英语中连动词后面的介词也省略了,但译文中仍可以重复动词。 They wanted to determine if he complied with the terms of his employment and his obligations as an American.
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