2014年考研英语翻译复习指导:省略句的翻译(2)
(四)省略冠词 1.英语有冠词,汉语没有冠词;因此,英译汉时往往可将冠词省略。 A teacher should have patience in his work. The horse is a useful animal. It is out of the question to fly to the moon in the past. The moon was slowly rising above the sea. 2.英译汉时,省略原文中的冠词是一般情况。但在某些场合,冠词却不能省略,可以翻译为"一个,每一,这个,那个"等。例如: He left without saying a word. Egbert said he was getting a dollar a mile. This is the book you wanted.
(五)省略介词 1.省略表示时间的前置词 一般说来,表示时间和地点的英语介词,译成汉语如出现在句首,大都可以省略,出现在句尾大都不省略。 The People's Republic of China was founded in 1949. On July 1, 1997, Hongkong returned to the People's Republic of China. 2.省略表示地点的前置词 Smoking is prohibited in public places. In winter, it is much colder in the North than it is in the South. 然而,表示地点的英语介词在译文句首往往可以省略,但放在动词后面却一般不省略,如: He stood by the desk. I stayed in my brother's house.
(六)省略动词 英语句子中一般必须有谓语动词。而汉语的谓语并不一定非由动词充当,形容词和名词等同样可以作谓语。英译汉时可根据汉语的习惯适当省略原文中的某些动词。主要有两类:一些连系动词和一些与具有动作含义的名词等搭配使用的动词。 When the pressure gets low, the boiling-point becomes low. Delivery must be effected within the time stated on the purchase order.
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